
As Arctic ice recedes due to climate change, a new geopolitical and environmental battleground emerges. The U.S. Geological Survey estimates the region holds approximately 90 billion barrels of undiscovered oil and 1,669 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, with a significant portion offshore.
Major oil corporations, including ExxonMobil, view the Arctic as a promising yet underexplored area for energy extraction.
However, environmental groups like Greenpeace highlight the irony of exploiting an area visibly affected by climate change. Legal challenges have arisen, such as environmental activists taking the Norwegian government to the European Court of Human Rights over Arctic oil exploration.
Geopolitically, nations like Norway, Canada, Denmark, the USA, and Russia have staked claims to extended continental shelves under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, intensifying the race for Arctic resources.
The Arctic’s transformation is not only an environmental concern but also a catalyst for potential conflicts over resource extraction and territorial claims.
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